Theories of Motivation There are many internal and external variables that affect the motivation to work. Behavioral scientists started to search new facts and techniques for motivation. These are called as motivation theories. The most important theories are 1. Mc Gregor‘s Theory X and Theory Y 2. Herzberg‘s Two Factor Theory 3. Maslow‘s Need Hierarchy Theory 4. Mc Clelland‘s Achievement Theory Mc Gregor’s Theory X and Theory Y: The style adopted by a manager in managing his subordinates is basically dependent upon his assumption about human behavior. Theory X is negative, traditional and autocratic style while theory Y is positive, participatory and democratic. Thus these two theories are contrasting set of assumptions about human behavior. Theory X – This is the traditional theory of human behavior which makes the following assumptions 1. The average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if he can. 2. He lacks ambition, disli...